I chose Amazon Linux 2023 for Amazon EC2 and got stuck on installing nginx.

This time it’s a small story.

I needed to set up an instance on AWS Amazon EC2 for testing, and when I chose Amazon Linux 2023 for the test, I got a bit stuck.

I can’t find the amazon-linux-extras command

If you search about installing nginx on Amazon Linux, you will find many blog posts about installing nginx using the amazon-linux-extras command. By the way, I asked ChatGPT, a recent hot topic, and got the same answer.

But with Amazon Linux 2023, it is unsympathetically as follows.

$ which amazon-linux-extras
/usr/bin/which: no amazon-linux-extras in (/home/ec2-user/.local/bin:/home/ec2-user/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin)

Hmm? I checked and it seems that amazon-linux-extras has been discontinued.
It was listed in the list of Removed Packages here.

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/ja_jp/linux/al2023/release-notes/removed-packages.html

So, apparently, if you search with the dnf command normally, you can install it normally, like this.

$ sudo dnf search nginx
Last metadata expiration check: 0:09:56 ago on Thu May 11 02:44:35 2023.
============================================= Name Exactly Matched: nginx ==============================================
nginx.x86_64 : A high performance web server and reverse proxy server
============================================ Name & Summary Matched: nginx =============================================
collectd-nginx.x86_64 : Nginx plugin for collectd
nginx-all-modules.noarch : A meta package that installs all available Nginx modules
nginx-core.x86_64 : nginx minimal core
nginx-filesystem.noarch : The basic directory layout for the Nginx server
nginx-mimetypes.noarch : MIME type mappings for nginx
nginx-mod-devel.x86_64 : Nginx module development files
nginx-mod-http-image-filter.x86_64 : Nginx HTTP image filter module
nginx-mod-http-perl.x86_64 : Nginx HTTP perl module
nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter.x86_64 : Nginx XSLT module
nginx-mod-mail.x86_64 : Nginx mail modules
nginx-mod-stream.x86_64 : Nginx stream modules

So I installed it.

$ sudo dnf install nginx
Last metadata expiration check: 0:21:59 ago on Thu May 11 02:44:35 2023.
Dependencies resolved.
========================================================================================================================
 Package                         Architecture       Version                               Repository               Size
========================================================================================================================
Installing:
 nginx                           x86_64             1:1.22.1-1.amzn2023.0.3               amazonlinux              40 k
Installing dependencies:
 generic-logos-httpd             noarch             18.0.0-12.amzn2023.0.3                amazonlinux              19 k
 gperftools-libs                 x86_64             2.9.1-1.amzn2023.0.2                  amazonlinux             309 k
 libunwind                       x86_64             1.4.0-5.amzn2023.0.2                  amazonlinux              66 k
 nginx-core                      x86_64             1:1.22.1-1.amzn2023.0.3               amazonlinux             583 k
 nginx-filesystem                noarch             1:1.22.1-1.amzn2023.0.3               amazonlinux              12 k
 nginx-mimetypes                 noarch             2.1.49-3.amzn2023.0.3                 amazonlinux              21 k

Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================================
Install  7 Packages

Total download size: 1.0 M
Installed size: 3.4 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/7): nginx-1.22.1-1.amzn2023.0.3.x86_64.rpm                                           367 kB/s |  40 kB     00:00    
(2/7): gperftools-libs-2.9.1-1.amzn2023.0.2.x86_64.rpm                                  2.5 MB/s | 309 kB     00:00    
(3/7): libunwind-1.4.0-5.amzn2023.0.2.x86_64.rpm                                        2.0 MB/s |  66 kB     00:00    
(4/7): nginx-core-1.22.1-1.amzn2023.0.3.x86_64.rpm                                      3.8 MB/s | 583 kB     00:00    
(5/7): nginx-mimetypes-2.1.49-3.amzn2023.0.3.noarch.rpm                                 563 kB/s |  21 kB     00:00    
(6/7): nginx-filesystem-1.22.1-1.amzn2023.0.3.noarch.rpm                                558 kB/s |  12 kB     00:00    
(7/7): generic-logos-httpd-18.0.0-12.amzn2023.0.3.noarch.rpm                            603 kB/s |  19 kB     00:00    
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                                   4.1 MB/s | 1.0 MB     00:00     
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                                                1/1 
  Running scriptlet: nginx-filesystem-1:1.22.1-1.amzn2023.0.3.noarch                                                1/7 
  Installing       : nginx-filesystem-1:1.22.1-1.amzn2023.0.3.noarch                                                1/7 
  Installing       : nginx-mimetypes-2.1.49-3.amzn2023.0.3.noarch                                                   2/7 
  Installing       : generic-logos-httpd-18.0.0-12.amzn2023.0.3.noarch                                              3/7 
  Installing       : libunwind-1.4.0-5.amzn2023.0.2.x86_64                                                          4/7 
  Installing       : gperftools-libs-2.9.1-1.amzn2023.0.2.x86_64                                                    5/7 
  Installing       : nginx-core-1:1.22.1-1.amzn2023.0.3.x86_64                                                      6/7 
  Installing       : nginx-1:1.22.1-1.amzn2023.0.3.x86_64                                                           7/7 
  Running scriptlet: nginx-1:1.22.1-1.amzn2023.0.3.x86_64                                                           7/7 
  Verifying        : nginx-1:1.22.1-1.amzn2023.0.3.x86_64                                                           1/7 
  Verifying        : gperftools-libs-2.9.1-1.amzn2023.0.2.x86_64                                                    2/7 
  Verifying        : nginx-core-1:1.22.1-1.amzn2023.0.3.x86_64                                                      3/7 
  Verifying        : libunwind-1.4.0-5.amzn2023.0.2.x86_64                                                          4/7 
  Verifying        : nginx-mimetypes-2.1.49-3.amzn2023.0.3.noarch                                                   5/7 
  Verifying        : nginx-filesystem-1:1.22.1-1.amzn2023.0.3.noarch                                                6/7 
  Verifying        : generic-logos-httpd-18.0.0-12.amzn2023.0.3.noarch                                              7/7 

Installed:
  generic-logos-httpd-18.0.0-12.amzn2023.0.3.noarch           gperftools-libs-2.9.1-1.amzn2023.0.2.x86_64              
  libunwind-1.4.0-5.amzn2023.0.2.x86_64                       nginx-1:1.22.1-1.amzn2023.0.3.x86_64                     
  nginx-core-1:1.22.1-1.amzn2023.0.3.x86_64                   nginx-filesystem-1:1.22.1-1.amzn2023.0.3.noarch          
  nginx-mimetypes-2.1.49-3.amzn2023.0.3.noarch               

Complete!

Easy!

It is nice to be able to install in a more general way, but there are a lot of changes to packages other than nginx, so you should check the list and make sure you use them.